MethodsĪnnual incident cases, deaths, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) of hepatitis A between 19 were derived from the GBD study 2019. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to quantify hepatitis A burden at the global, regional and national levels. MMWR 2020 69(2) 1–17.ĪASLD.Despite decades of improved sanitation and hygiene measures and vaccine introduction, hepatitis A has been spread through numerous outbreaks globally. RR-1):1–31ĬDC Recommendations for Hepatitis C Screening Among Adults - United States, 2020. Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Prevention of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2020. Scientific Guidelines and Recommendations The American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) also recommend that people who are infected with HCV be provided with curative, direct-acting antiviral medications external icon to treat their HCV infection. CDC recommends one-time hepatitis C testing of all adults (18 years and older) and regular testing for people with risk factors. The best way to prevent hepatitis C is by avoiding behaviors that can spread the disease, especially sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs. MSM with multiple sex partners who are coinfected with HCV and HIV have been shown to transmit hepatitis C. Having a sexually transmitted infection, having sex with multiple partners, and engaging in anal sex appear to increase a person’s risk for hepatitis C. ![]() Sexual Transmission and Hepatitis CĪlthough not common, hepatitis C can be transmitted through sexual activity. ![]() Offering vaccination to all adults as part of routine prevention services in STD treatment facilities has been demonstrated to increase vaccination coverage among adults at risk for hepatitis B infection, as the behavioral risk factors for STDs and hepatitis B are similar. Many of these infections could have been prevented through universal vaccination during delivery of STD prevention or treatment services. Injection-drug use and sexual contact are other common modes of hepatitis B transmission in the United States.Īmong adults seeking treatment in STD clinics, as many as 10%–40% have evidence of past or current hepatitis B virus infection. Unvaccinated adults who have multiple sex partners, along with sex partners of people with chronic hepatitis B infection, are at increased risk for transmission. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sexual activity. CDC has published recommendations for prevention of hepatitis A that identify all groups recommended for vaccination, including hepatitis A vaccination for MSM. Vaccination is the most effective means of preventing hepatitis A transmission among people at risk for infection. People who are sexually active are considered at risk for hepatitis A if they are MSM, live with or are having sex with an infected person, or inject drugs. ![]() Transmission of hepatitis A virus can occur from any sexual activity with an infected person and is not limited to fecal-oral contact.
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